How does one explain what Christians do with bread and
wine? How would I explain what’s going
on to a non-believer, especially when she hears the language, “This is my body,
broken for you,” or “This is my blood, poured out for you.” Jesus was even more graphic in The Gospel of
John, Chapter 6:51 . . . “the bread that I will give for the life of the world
is my flesh.” As one sceptic said to me, “It all sounds like some sort of
ancient pagan ritual.”
Ancient, for sure, but hardly pagan. Anyone with a poetic sensibility should grasp
the metaphoric use of language. While
Roman Catholics might declare that the bread and wine actually become
transubstantiated into the flesh and blood of Jesus, we Protestants are not
quite so literal. Nevertheless, we do
agree that there is something going on in the breaking of the bread which,
while not magic, is more than symbolic.
So, here’s my attempt at an explanation of a mystery that
cannot be fully explained. Christians
believe that Jesus Christ is present in the breaking of the bread and the
drinking of the wine (or grape juice in many churches). We disagree on how he is present, but we agree he is among us, bestowing grace for
every need. When Christians pray the Lord’s Prayer, with the familiar line, “Give
us this day, our daily bread,” it is a reminder of the constancy of God’s
providence, reaffirmed whenever we gather ‘round the bread at the Table of the
Lord.
We are also affirming the goodness of creation. God’s providence includes not only grace for
our struggles, but the blessings of the earth – grain, the fruit of the vine,
animal, vegetable, and mineral. When
Christians come to the table we are giving thanks for God’s mercies and
forgiveness, as well as offering gratitude for material things that are
necessary to life --- “our daily bread.”
Perhaps the language of flesh and blood seems too graphic,
but it serves a purpose. In the context
of ancient cultic practices, Christianity sprang up with an alternate
vision. There are obvious parallels
between the language of sacrifice from Israel’s temple practices and Christ’s
crucifixion understood as a sacrifice, but there is a difference in how
Christians historically described what was happening. Many ancient mystery religions were
practicing rituals which promised a spiritual escape from the fleshly,
temporal, material world. The Christian
doctrine of Incarnation offered a different perspective. When Jesus spoke of his body and blood being
offered for the life of the world he was declaring the essential goodness of
fleshly existence. He was not offering
an escape from, but redemption of the world. Body and spirit are not separate entities but
constitute one, whole soul.
Too many Christians today misunderstand this, eagerly
looking for Jesus to “rapture” them out of the world, forgetting that “God
loved the world,” and that the “home of God is among mortals.” And for those non-Christians out there who
spend way too much effort trying their own forms of escape – drugs, alcohol,
TV, shopping, etc., the doctrine of Incarnation offers an alternative view of
the world. God saw everything that God
had made and saw that it was good. When
Christians gather ‘round the table we celebrate the goodness of creation, and
we give thanks for the redemption of the material world, ourselves along with
it.
All that talk of flesh and blood is simply Jesus’ poetic,
even if graphic, way of getting our attention that God is concerned with saving the world, not just saving
Christians out of the world. While personal salvation is certainly a part
of that for which we give thanks, God’s purpose is so much larger --- to redeem
the whole creation. Even some Christians
need to come to terms with what we’re affirming when we break the bread and drink
from the cup – flesh and blood, indeed, but so much more.